Log Sanitization / 日志脱敏¶
Companion material for AI Agents in Depth, Chapter 3 — intelligent log sanitization that redacts secrets and PII while preserving debug value.
配套《深入理解 AI Agent》第 3 章——在保留调试信息的同时检测并脱敏日志中的敏感数据。
English¶
Overview¶
Demonstrates detecting and sanitizing sensitive data in Agent logs and tool outputs. Two complementary engines:
- Offline rule engine (
regex, default) — pure regex + validators (Luhn, ID checksum). No Ollama, no network, no external framework. Deterministic and fast; first line of defense before logs hit disk. Covers both secrets (API keys, cloud tokens, private keys, connection-string passwords) common in Agent scenarios and traditional PII (ID cards, phones, credit cards, emails, etc.). - Local LLM engine (
llm) — Ollama with a small local model (defaultqwen3:0.6b) for semantic Level 3 PII. Echoes the chapter point that small models can handle structured tasks, and also shows limits (e.g. descriptive prefixes instead of raw strings → replacement failure).
Quick demo (offline, no extra deps):
python main.py --demo— before/after samples and category summary.
Categories covered by the offline rule engine¶
regex_sanitizer.py processes by priority (higher wins on overlap); each becomes a labeled placeholder:
| Category | Placeholder | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Private key / cert | [REDACTED_PRIVATE_KEY] |
PEM private key blocks |
| JWT | [REDACTED_JWT] |
eyJ... three-part tokens |
| URL credentials | [REDACTED_URL_CRED] |
scheme://user:PASSWORD@host |
| AWS access key | [REDACTED_AWS_KEY] |
AKIA... |
| GitHub / Slack / Google / OpenAI keys | [REDACTED_*_TOKEN] / [REDACTED_API_KEY] |
ghp_, xoxb-, AIza, sk- |
| Bearer token | [REDACTED_BEARER_TOKEN] |
Authorization: Bearer ... |
| Password / secret assignments | [REDACTED_SECRET] |
password=..., token: ..., etc. |
[REDACTED_EMAIL] |
||
| Credit card | [REDACTED_CREDIT_CARD] |
Luhn-validated to cut false positives |
| IBAN | [REDACTED_IBAN] |
|
| US SSN | [REDACTED_SSN] |
|
| National ID | [REDACTED_ID_CARD] |
Mainland China 18-digit with checksum |
| Phone | [REDACTED_PHONE] |
Mainland China |
| IP address | [REDACTED_IP] |
IPv4 |
Level 3 PII categories (LLM engine)¶
Highly sensitive items in the privacy architecture, including: SSN, credit cards, bank accounts, medical record numbers, diagnoses/treatment, prescriptions, driver’s license, passport, financial PINs, tax IDs, health insurance IDs, biometric data.
Features¶
- Offline rule engine: regex + Luhn/ID checksum; keys/secrets + PII; no model/network
- Local LLM: Ollama + small model (default
qwen3:0.6b) for privacy-preserving PII detection - Internal reasoning: model thinking via
<think>tags - Streaming: real-time thinking and detection progress
- Performance metrics: TTFT, token counts, speeds
- Batch processing: user-memory-evaluation Layer 3 cases
- Detailed metrics: prefill / output time and tok/s for both phases
Installation¶
1. Install Ollama (LLM path only)¶
OpenRouter fallback: Default is local Ollama. If Ollama is unavailable and
OPENROUTER_API_KEYis set, the Agent falls back to OpenRouter (default hosted modelopenai/gpt-5.6-luna). To force fallback:export OLLAMA_HOST=http://127.0.0.1:1.
macOS:
Linux:
Windows: Download from ollama.com
Ollama steps apply only to
--mode llmor the LLM batch eval path. Offline rule engine (--demo,--input) needs only the Python stdlib.
2. Pull model¶
~500MB disk; you may use qwen3:1.7b or qwen3:4b for higher accuracy.
3. Python deps¶
# From the repository root: use the shared Chapter 3 environment
uv sync --locked --python 3.12 --extra ch3
# Activate it before changing directories:
# macOS/Linux:
source .venv/bin/activate
# Windows PowerShell: .\.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
# Windows cmd: .venv\Scripts\activate.bat
# pip fallback when uv is not installed:
# python -m pip install -e ".[ch3]"
cd chapter3/log-sanitization
# Single-project compatibility path, still supported during migration:
# python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
Usage¶
Full flags: python main.py --help (Chinese help text).
Offline rule demo (recommended, no Ollama)¶
Sanitize a log file (offline)¶
python main.py --input app.log # writes app.log.sanitized
python main.py --input app.log -o cleaned.log # custom output
Rule engine alone on built-in samples:
Offline validation¶
# From the repository root; include dev tools for pytest.
uv sync --locked --python 3.12 --extra ch3 --extra dev
source .venv/bin/activate
# Windows PowerShell: .\.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
cd chapter3/log-sanitization
python -m pytest tests
python main.py --demo
python regex_sanitizer.py
tests/ contains offline regressions for sanitizer rules and LLM-output parsing. test_loader.py remains at the project root intentionally: despite its name, it is a support module imported by main.py, not a pytest file. The loader debug helper lives at tests/manual/loader_debug.py.
Local LLM engine¶
Process all Layer 3 test cases (LLM batch path)¶
Uses LLM only; needs Ollama and the chapter3 user-memory-evaluation framework:
Specific test / limit¶
Model choice¶
Output structure¶
Under output/:
output/
├── <test_id>_sanitized.txt # Sanitized conversation text
├── <test_id>_summary.json # Summary of PII found and replaced
├── performance_metrics.json # Detailed performance metrics
└── performance_summary.json # Aggregated performance statistics
Performance metrics¶
Timing: Prefill (TTFT), Output Time, Total Time (ms)
Tokens: Input / Output counts; Prefill / Output speed (tok/s)
Sanitization: PII items found; replacements with [REDACTED]
Architecture¶
- regex_sanitizer.py — offline rule sanitizer
- samples.py — offline demo samples
- config.py — Ollama model and PII categories
- test_loader.py — loads user-memory-evaluation cases (support module, not pytest)
- agent.py — LLM sanitization via Ollama
- metrics.py — metrics collection
- main.py — entry / orchestration
- tests/ — offline pytest regressions plus manual loader debug helper
How it works (LLM path)¶
- Load conversations from user-memory-evaluation
- Send each to local Qwen3 with a Level 3 PII detection prompt
- Replace detected values with
[REDACTED] - Collect performance metrics
- Write sanitized logs and summaries under
output/
Privacy¶
- Default local Ollama path sends no data to external APIs
- OpenRouter fallback (if used) does leave the machine
- Sanitized logs use placeholders; handle any logged original PII securely
Troubleshooting¶
Ollama not found: install and ollama serve
Model not found: ollama pull qwen3:0.6b
Evaluation framework not found: expect ../user-memory-evaluation/ (or chapter3 path used by the loader)
中文¶
概述¶
演示如何从 Agent 的日志与工具输出中检测并脱敏敏感信息。提供两种互补的脱敏引擎:
- 离线规则引擎(regex,默认) —— 纯正则表达式 + 校验算法(Luhn、身份证校验码),无需 Ollama、无需网络、无需外部框架,结果确定、速度快,适合作为日志落盘前的第一道防线。同时覆盖 Agent 场景中最常泄露的密钥类敏感信息(API Key、云厂商令牌、私钥、连接串口令)与传统 PII(身份证、手机号、信用卡、邮箱等)。
- 本地 LLM 引擎(llm) —— 通过 Ollama 调用本地小模型(默认
qwen3:0.6b)语义识别 Level 3 PII。呼应本章「小模型也能胜任结构化任务」的论点,同时也暴露小模型的局限(例如可能返回带描述前缀的值而非原始字符串,导致回填失败)。
想快速看效果,直接运行
python main.py --demo(离线,无需任何依赖)即可看到多个代表性样本的 before/after 对比与脱敏类别汇总。
离线规则引擎覆盖的敏感信息类别¶
regex_sanitizer.py 按优先级处理以下类别(重叠时高优先级规则胜出),每类替换为带标签的占位符:
| 类别 | 占位符 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| 私钥 / 证书 | [REDACTED_PRIVATE_KEY] |
PEM 私钥块 |
| JWT | [REDACTED_JWT] |
eyJ... 三段式令牌 |
| 连接串凭据 | [REDACTED_URL_CRED] |
scheme://user:PASSWORD@host |
| AWS 访问密钥 | [REDACTED_AWS_KEY] |
AKIA... |
| GitHub / Slack / Google / OpenAI 密钥 | [REDACTED_*_TOKEN] / [REDACTED_API_KEY] |
ghp_、xoxb-、AIza、sk- |
| Bearer 令牌 | [REDACTED_BEARER_TOKEN] |
Authorization: Bearer ... |
| 口令 / 密钥赋值 | [REDACTED_SECRET] |
password=...、token: ... 等 |
| 邮箱 | [REDACTED_EMAIL] |
|
| 信用卡号 | [REDACTED_CREDIT_CARD] |
通过 Luhn 校验,降低误报 |
| IBAN | [REDACTED_IBAN] |
国际银行账号 |
| 美国社保号 | [REDACTED_SSN] |
|
| 身份证号 | [REDACTED_ID_CARD] |
中国大陆 18 位,含校验码验证 |
| 手机号 | [REDACTED_PHONE] |
中国大陆 |
| IP 地址 | [REDACTED_IP] |
IPv4 |
Level 3 PII 类别(LLM 引擎)¶
隐私架构中的高敏感信息,包括:社保号、信用卡、银行账号、病历号、诊断与治疗信息、处方、驾照、护照、金融 PIN、税号、医保 ID、生物特征数据等。
功能¶
- 离线规则引擎:正则 + Luhn/身份证校验;覆盖密钥/机密与 PII;无需模型与网络
- 本地 LLM:Ollama + 小模型(默认
qwen3:0.6b)做隐私友好的 PII 检测 - 内部推理:通过
<think>展示模型思考过程 - 流式输出:实时显示思考与检测进度
- 性能指标:TTFT、token 数、处理速度
- 批量处理:user-memory-evaluation 框架的 Layer 3 用例
- 详细指标:prefill / 输出时间与两阶段 tok/s
安装¶
1. 安装 Ollama(仅 LLM 路径需要)¶
通用回退(OpenRouter):本实验默认用本地 Ollama 小模型。若 Ollama 不可用(未运行 / 不可达)且设置了
OPENROUTER_API_KEY,Agent 会自动改走 OpenRouter(默认托管模型openai/gpt-5.6-luna)。想强制走回退做验证,可把 Ollama 指到一个不可达端口:export OLLAMA_HOST=http://127.0.0.1:1。
macOS:
Linux:
Windows: 从 ollama.com 下载
说明:以下 Ollama 相关步骤仅在使用
--mode llm(本地 LLM 引擎)或运行 LLM 批量评测路径时才需要。离线规则引擎(--demo、--input)只依赖 Python 标准库,无需安装 Ollama。
2. 拉取模型¶
0.6B 模型约需 500MB 磁盘;可按需换用 qwen3:1.7b、qwen3:4b 提升准确率。
3. 安装 Python 依赖¶
# 在仓库根目录使用统一的第 3 章环境
uv sync --locked --python 3.12 --extra ch3
# 切换目录前先激活环境:
# macOS/Linux:
source .venv/bin/activate
# Windows PowerShell:.\.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
# Windows cmd:.venv\Scripts\activate.bat
# 未安装 uv 时可用 pip 兜底:
# python -m pip install -e ".[ch3]"
cd chapter3/log-sanitization
# 迁移期间仍支持单项目兼容路径:
# python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
用法¶
完整参数说明见 python main.py --help(中文)。
离线规则演示(推荐,无需 Ollama)¶
脱敏任意日志文件(离线)¶
python main.py --input app.log # 结果写到 app.log.sanitized
python main.py --input app.log -o cleaned.log # 指定输出文件
也可以直接运行规则引擎模块,仅对内置样本做演示:
离线验证¶
# 从仓库根目录开始;pytest 需要 dev 依赖。
uv sync --locked --python 3.12 --extra ch3 --extra dev
source .venv/bin/activate
# Windows PowerShell: .\.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
cd chapter3/log-sanitization
python -m pytest tests
python main.py --demo
python regex_sanitizer.py
tests/ 包含规则脱敏与 LLM 输出解析的离线回归测试。test_loader.py 刻意保留在项目根目录:它虽然以 test_ 开头,但实际是 main.py 导入的用例加载支持模块,不是 pytest 文件。加载器调试助手位于 tests/manual/loader_debug.py。
使用本地 LLM 引擎¶
处理全部 Layer 3 测试用例(LLM 批量评测路径)¶
该路径固定使用 LLM,需要 Ollama 与 chapter3 评测框架:
指定用例 / 限制数量¶
选择模型¶
输出结构¶
脱敏日志与指标保存在 output/ 目录:
output/
├── <test_id>_sanitized.txt # 脱敏后的对话文本
├── <test_id>_summary.json # 发现与替换的 PII 摘要
├── performance_metrics.json # 详细性能指标
└── performance_summary.json # 聚合性能统计
性能指标¶
时间: Prefill(TTFT)、输出时间、总时间(毫秒)
Token: 输入/输出数量;Prefill/输出速度(tok/s)
脱敏: 发现的 PII 条数;替换为 [REDACTED] 的次数
架构¶
- regex_sanitizer.py:离线规则脱敏(正则 + Luhn/身份证校验)
- samples.py:离线演示用的代表性 Agent 日志样本
- config.py:Ollama 模型与 PII 类别配置
- test_loader.py:从 user-memory-evaluation 加载用例(支持模块,不是 pytest)
- agent.py:基于 Ollama 的 LLM 脱敏逻辑
- metrics.py:性能指标采集与报告
- main.py:入口与编排
- tests/:离线 pytest 回归测试与手动加载器调试助手
工作原理(LLM 路径)¶
- 从 user-memory-evaluation 加载对话历史
- 将每段对话送入本地 Qwen3,用专用提示检测 Level 3 PII
- 将检出值替换为
[REDACTED] - 采集性能指标
- 将脱敏日志与性能摘要写入
output/
隐私考量¶
- 默认本地 Ollama 路径不向外部 API 发送数据
- 若走 OpenRouter 回退则会离开本机
- 脱敏日志使用占位符;任何原始 PII 日志都应妥善保管
故障排除¶
找不到 Ollama: 安装并运行 ollama serve
找不到模型: ollama pull qwen3:0.6b
找不到评测框架: 确认 loader 所期望的 ../user-memory-evaluation/(或 chapter3 路径)存在
Notes / 说明¶
- Prefer
--demofirst; Ollama is optional for the rule path. - 建议先跑
--demo;规则路径无需 Ollama。